E pili ana i nā pahi kīhini kila, e koho i ka dao maikaʻi e aʻo mua i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea o ka metala, i hiki iā mākou ma o nā ʻano mea ʻoki ʻoki i hana ʻia i ke kila maikaʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e koho i ka mea kūpono no kā lākou hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka pahi kīhini ʻoluʻolu.
kila kila,
—
ʻElemu.
ʻAʻole paʻakikī, heluhelu i ka wehewehe ʻana, e maopopo.
Wahi a ka maʻamau ʻoihana, ʻo ka hao a me ke kila he hao kalapona hao, aia wale ka ʻokoʻa i ka ʻokoʻa kalapona o nā ʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kalapona ma lalo o 0.
ʻO ke kāhea ʻana i ka hao maʻemaʻe, hao i hana ʻia a i ʻole maʻiʻo o 2% ma 0.
2 -
1.
7% o ke kila, ʻike i ka 1.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 7% o ka hao puaʻa.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hao, ka ʻona kalapona a me ka paʻakikī maikaʻi ʻole.
Me ka liʻiliʻi o ke kalapona i loko o ke kila, ʻilihune iki ka paʻakikī, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikaika tensile.
Kaua-paʻakikī ua peluia forging hao hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa, hana kila pūʻulu paʻa, homogeneous, haumia, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana kila.
ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe e hana ʻokoʻa i hoʻohui ʻia i ka hao i ka hao i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻokoʻa.
·C -
ʻO ka maʻiʻo o ke kalapona, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka paʻakikī a me ka ikaika, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka ductility a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion, kiʻekiʻe Cr -
Hiki i ka Chromium, ka chromium ke hana i kahi ʻano kiʻi ʻoniʻoni chromium oxide i ʻike ʻole ʻia, pale i ka corrosion o ke kila, ka lōʻihi o ka mea hana.
ʻO ia ka nani o ke kila kila.
· Ni-
ʻO Nickel, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o ka wela, ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion, hoʻemi i ka wikiwiki o ka paʻakikī anuanu, ka 430 stainless steel: + 12% a ʻoi aku paha o ka hao chromium, hiki ke pale i ka oxidation i hana ʻia e nā kumu kūlohelohe, i kapa ʻia ʻo stainless steel, i jis, code -i kapa ʻia ʻo 430, no laila ua ʻike ʻia ʻo 430 stainless steel.
Akā ʻaʻole hiki i ka 430 stainless steel ke pale aku i nā kemika i ka lewa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka oxidation, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ka 430 stainless steel ma hope o ka manawa, no nā kumu ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka oxidation kūlohelohe (
ʻāʻele)
ʻO ke kūlana;
· 18-
8 kila kuhiliʻole, chromium hao + 18% + 8% nickel, kemika kū'ē o oxidation, ka kuhiliʻole kila ma jis code no 304, pela no hoi i ike i ka 304 kuhiliʻole kila;
· 18-
ʻO ke kila kila: akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lewa, ʻo kekahi mau wahi me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka pollution a hiki i ka 304 e ʻeleʻele;
No laila e hoʻohana kekahi mau ʻatikala kiʻekiʻe i ka 10% o ka nickel e hana, i mea e ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion, ua kapa ʻia ke kila kila 18
10 kila kila.
Ma kekahi mau kīʻaha like 'ka 18 -
He umi o ka loa holomua lapaʻau kuhiliʻole kila '.
·莫-
ʻO ke kumu o ka molybdenum, nā mea molybdenum e hoʻoikaika nui i ka chromium i ka hopena corrosion kila, hoʻonui i ka ikaika, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka oxide a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka wai, mālama i ka pahi no ka manawa lōʻihi, V -
ʻO ka vanadium element, ʻo ka mea vanadium i loko o ke kila ka hiki ke hoʻokahe i ka oxygen, no laila ʻo ke kila vanadium me ka pauku crystallization ua pili kokoke, e ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kila.
Eia ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ke kila ʻokoʻa o ka pae kila i loaʻa i ka element a ʻaʻole like ka maʻiʻo, ua hana kēia i nā kila ʻokoʻa i hoʻohana ʻokoʻa, lawe mai i ka maikaʻi o kēlā me kēia.
1.
kila māmā -
ʻIke ʻia hoʻi he kila māmā, ʻo ka ʻike kalapona he 0.
10% a 0.
ʻO 30% o ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa he maʻalahi ke ʻae i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e like me ka forging, welding a me ka ʻoki ʻana, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ke kaulahao hana, rivet, bolts, shaft, etc.
2.
kila kalapona waena -
ʻO ka maʻiʻo kalapona he 0.
30% i ka 0.
60%, i mea e hana ai i nā forgings kaumaha, axle, rail, etc.
3.
kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe -
Kapa pinepine ʻia he kila mea hana, ʻo 0 ka ʻike kalapona.
60% i ka 1.
70%, ka paʻakikī a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana.
Hammer, crowbar, etc. ma ka waihona kalapona he 0.
75% o ka hana kila;
ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea hana e like me ka drill, tap, reamer, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e ka maʻi kalapona he 0.
90% i ka 1.
00% o ka hana kila.
4.
kila kila -
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā metala ʻē aʻe e like me ke kila chrome, nickel, tungsten, vanadium, etc., e hana i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona hou.
Ma muli o ka hoʻohui ʻia ʻana o nā ʻano mea hoʻoheheʻe a pau, hiki i ke kila kila ke pale i ka corrosion, pale ʻana i ka wela, pale ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu, shockproof a me nā mea like ʻole e like me ke kū'ē i ka luhi.
5.
kila māmā holo kiʻekiʻe -
Loaʻa nā ʻano mea like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana, e like me tungsten, chromium, vanadium, cobalt a me molybdenum, etc.
ʻO nā mea hana ʻoki i hana ʻia me HSS, loaʻa ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā mea paʻakikī, a hiki ke hoʻomanawanui i ka ʻoki ikaika.
Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka pahi ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka māmā holo kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku paha ke kila.
Maanei ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo ai he ʻokoʻa ka permutation a me ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea, ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa o ke kila kila ma muli o ka permutation a me ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau mea.
Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia ma ka mākeke ka nui o ka pahi kīhini he 3 chromium (
Cr element)
, 4 chrome, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai kila, ʻoiaʻiʻo, pono ke kumukūʻai maikaʻi.
E aʻo e ʻike i ke kila, e hoʻomaopopo pū i ke kumu o ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kumukūʻai o nā pahi kīhini. No ke koho ʻana iā DaoHui he kōkua.
