Mayelana nemimese yekhishi yensimbi, khetha i-dao enhle kufanele iqale ifunde ukuqonda izinto zensimbi, ukuze sikwazi ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi ahlukahlukene okusika enziwe ngekhwalithi yensimbi uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhetha okufaneleka kakhulu ukuze kusetshenziswe ummese wekhishi ukhululekile.
Insimbi yensimbi,
-
Izinto.
Empeleni hhayi inkimbinkimbi, funda le ncazelo elandelayo, uzoqonda.
Ngokwezinga lezimboni, insimbi nensimbi iyingxube ye-iron carbon alloy, umehluko utholakala kuphela kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuhlukile, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okujwayelekile okungaphansi kuka-0.
Ucingo lwensimbi emsulwa, insimbi ekhandiwe noma okuqukethwe okungu-2% ku-0.
2 -
1.
I-7% yensimbi, okuqukethwe ku-1.
Ngaphezu kuka-7% wensimbi yezingulube.
Ukuqina okuphezulu kwe-iron, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kanye nokuqina okungenamandla.
Ngekhabhoni encane ensimbi, ukuqina kuncipha kancane, kodwa amandla aqinile angcono kakhulu.
I-Battle-hard igoqiwe ukufudumeza okuphindaphindiwe kwensimbi, yenza iqembu lensimbi liminyene, libe ne-homogeneous, ukungcola, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yenqubo yensimbi.
Ezinye izakhi zizokwenza okuhlukile kunezelwa ensimbi ensimbi ibe nezici ezihlukene.
·C -
Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, kungandisa ubulukhuni namandla, kunganciphisa i-ductility kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, i-Cr ephezulu -
I-Chromium, i-chromium ingakhiqiza uhlobo lwefilimu ye-chromium oxide engabonakali kodwa eminyene kakhulu, ivimbele ukugqwala kwensimbi, ukuqina kwethuluzi lokusika.
Lokho ubuhle bensimbi engagqwali.
· Ni-
I-Nickel, ingakhuphula izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukunciphisa izinga lokuqina okubandayo, insimbi engagqwali engu-430: + 12% noma ngaphezulu kwe-chromium iron, ingavimbela i-oxidation ebangelwa izici zemvelo, ezibizwa nge-stainless steel, ku-jis, ikhodi. -ebizwa ngokuthi i-430, ngakho-ke eyaziwa nangokuthi i-430 insimbi engagqwali.
Kodwa insimbi engagqwali engu-430 ayikwazanga ukumelana namakhemikhali asemoyeni abangelwa i-oxidation, insimbi engagqwali engu-430 ayivame ukusetshenziswa ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, isazoba ngenxa yezinye izici ngaphandle kwe-oxidation yemvelo (
Ukugqwala)
Isimo;
· 18-
8 insimbi engagqwali, i-chromium iron + 18% + 8% nickel, ukumelana namakhemikhali e-oxidation, insimbi engagqwali kukhodi ye-jis engu-304, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-304 insimbi engagqwali;
· 18-
Insimbi engagqwali: kodwa ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali emoyeni ngokwandayo, ezinye izindawo ezinamazinga aphezulu okungcola ngisho ne-304 zizoba nokugqwala;
Ngakho-ke ezinye izindatshana ezithuthukisiwe zizosebenzisa i-10% ye-nickel ukwenza, ukuze ihlale isikhathi eside futhi imelane nokugqwala, insimbi engagqwali ibizwa nge-18.
10 insimbi engagqwali.
Kwezinye izitsha ezifana 'ne-18 -
Eziyishumi eziphambili kakhulu zensimbi engagqwali yezokwelapha '.
·莫-
I-element ye-molybdenum, izakhi ze-molybdenum ikakhulukazi ukuqinisa i-chromium kumphumela wokugqwala kwensimbi, ukwandisa amandla, i-oxide nokumelana nokugqwala kwamanzi kuhle, gcina i-blade ibukhali isikhathi eside, i-V -
I-elementi ye-Vanadium, i-elementi ye-vanadium esensimbi inamandla okufaka umoya-mpilo ene-asidi, ngakho-ke insimbi ye-vanadium ene-crystallization section isondelene, yenza insimbi ibe namandla aphezulu.
Nansi indlela yokuhlukanisa insimbi yezinga elihlukile lensimbi equkethe isici kanye nokuqukethwe kwesici akufani, lokhu kukhiqize insimbi ehlukene inokusetshenziswa okuhlukile, ikhiphe okuhle kakhulu komunye nomunye.
1.
Insimbi ethambile -
Eyaziwa nangokuthi insimbi emnene, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungu-0.
10% kuya ku-0.
I-30% yensimbi ephansi ye-carbon kulula ukwamukela zonke izinhlobo zokucutshungulwa njengokubumba, ukushisela nokusika, okuvame ukusetshenziswa ochungechungeni lokukhiqiza, i-rivet, ama-bolts, shaft, njll.
2.
Medium carbon steel -
Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ngu-0.
30% kuya ku-0.
60%, ukuze wenze izinsimbi zokuhlanganisa, i-axle, ujantshi, njll.
3.
I-carbon steel ephezulu -
Okuvame ukubizwa nge-tool steel, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kungu-0.
60% kuya ku-1.
70%, ukuqina nokuqina.
Isando, i-crowbar, njll ngokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ngu-0.
Amaphesenti angama-75 okukhiqizwa kwensimbi;
Amathuluzi okusika afana ne-drill, tap, reamer, njll ngokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ngu-0.
90% kuya ku-1.
I-00% yokukhiqiza insimbi.
4.
Insimbi ye-alloy -
Ukwengeza ezinye izinsimbi ezifana ne-chrome steel, nickel, tungsten, vanadium, njll. , kwenza izici ezithile ezintsha.
Ngenxa yokuhlanganiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezakhi ze-alloy, insimbi ye-alloy ingamelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukushaqeka kanye nezakhiwo ezahlukene ezifana nokumelana nokukhathala.
5.
Insimbi enesivinini esikhulu -
Iqukethe izithako nezingxenye ezihlukahlukene, njenge-tungsten, i-chromium, i-vanadium, i-cobalt ne-molybdenum, njll.
Amathuluzi okusika enziwe nge-HSS, atholakala ngesivinini esiphezulu sokusika izinto eziqinile, futhi angathwala ukusika okuqinile.
Ithuluzi lokusika lensimbi elinesivinini esiphezulu ngesivinini esikhulu lisakwazi ukugcina i-blade ibukhali, enye insimbi ingase ibe buthuntu.
Lapha kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ezahlukene steel grade kuyinto permutation ehlukene kanye inhlanganisela izakhi, izinga steel okusezingeni eliphezulu futhi low is futhi kuncike permutation kanye inhlanganisela yalezi zici.
Okuvame ukusetshenziswa emakethe ummese omningi wasekhishini yi-3 chromium (
Cr element)
, 4 chrome, kunjalo, izinga lezintengo zensimbi liphakeme, ngokuqinisekile i-dao enhle kufanele ibize.
Funda ukubona insimbi, futhi uqonde isizathu somehluko phakathi kwentengo yemimese yasekhishini. Ukukhetha i-DaoHui inosizo oluthile.
