taura nezvebanga remukicheni

Iri banga remukicheni rinofanira kurangarirwa sechishandiso chinonyanya kukosha mukicheni.Chaizvoizvo, chinofanirawo kuva chishandiso chekaresa kuvanhu, uye chinogona kutove chakura kupfuura vanhu pachavo: Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vekuUnited States vakadzidzisa orangutan kugadzira dombo. mapanga, saka zvinogona kufungidzirwa kuti muMadzitateguru evanhu vanogona kunge vakadzidza kugadzira mapanga ematombo vasati vashanduka kuva "vanhu". Pane zvirevo zvakawanda zvinonakidza nezve mapanga ekicheni, pakati peakanyanya kupararira ndeokuti mashefu echiChinese anongoda banga rimwe chete remukicheni kuti akunde nyika, nepo mabiki ekumadokero anoda asingaverengeki mapanga ekicheni kuti abike ndiro dzakareruka. Asi handizvo.Kunyangwe mukicheni muine banga rimwe chete remukicheni mukicheni yemhuri zhinji dzemaChina, kune vabiki vepamusoro vekuChina, marudzi mazhinji akasiyana emapanga anodiwa kana vachida kubika chikafu cheChinese zvakanaka.Riri nyore nderiri. kucheka mbabvu.Haugone kushandisa banga rimwechete senyama yakatsemurwa (iyo yekutanga inogara yakasimba uye kona yeblade inofanira kunge yakakura, nepo yekupedzisira ichifanirwa kuve yakapinza uye kona yeblade idiki), uye hazvigoneke. kuveza “Vasere Vasingafi Vachiyambuka Gungwa” parindi remuvise nebanga rakachekwa. .

Kana usina pfungwa inonzwisisika, unogona kuona bhaisikopo raAng Lee "Food and Drink Man and Woman" mapanga muimba yake yekubikira. Ehe, sezvishandiso zvese, banga rekicheni iri rinewo mutemo we "makumi maviri nemasere", zvisinei chikafu cheChinese kana chikafu chekuMadokero, 80% yemidziyo inogona kuitwa nebanga rimwe chete, asi kana iwe uchida kuita yasara 20%. zvendiro, unoda zvakawanda Mazhinji marudzi akasiyana emapanga achaita. Chimwe chikonzero cheichi chirevo chinogona kunge chiri chekuti munhu wese anovhiringa kicheni yeChinese munguva yekushomeka kwezvinhu mundangariro nekicheni yekirasi yekutandara mumafirimu ekuMadokero neTV.

Hazvishamisi kuti kubvira panguva yezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, unyanzvi hwekubika hwave husingavimbiki unyanzvi. Zvechokwadi, hapana chekuteerera mukicheni yevarombo, uye mupfumi haazoshandisi mari mukicheni. Iyi pfungwa yakafanana zvinoshamisa pakati peMabvazuva neMadokero.Hakuna imba yekubikira mudzimba dzekare kuMadokero.Imba yekubikira inongova shedhi kure nechivako chikuru.

Pashure pekuchinja kwemaindasitiri, nokukwira kwesangano revashandi, mari yevashandi munyika dzokuMadokero yakawedzera kuwedzera, uye vakadzi vepamusha veboka repakati, kunyange vepamusoro-soro vanofanira kubika vari voga. simba rekufambira mberi.Banga remukicheni remukurumbira wekuMadokero brand ndicho chigadzirwa chemaitiro aya. Kukitchen kumba, chekutanga, mbishi neyakabikwa ngazviparadzaniswe.Nemaonero aya, makitchen echiChina anotonyanya kuda, nekuti vekuMadokero havawanzo kucheka nyama mumakicheni avo. Muchitoro chinocheka nyama yaiswa pasuru, yobvisa pakiti yacho yoikanda mupoto yakananga.Kusiyana nekubika kwechiChina, zvinowanzodiwa kucheka nyama yakatsemurwa kana yakachekwa. Pamusoro pezvo, banga rakacheka onion neginger rinenge richiri kunhuwa chero wageza sei, kana ukashandisa banga rakadai kucheka michero kana matomatisi, kutakura kunhuwa kuri nyore, saka banga rinonyanya kushandiswa muchero. kugadzirisa zvakare kwakakosha.

Mapanga emukicheni yedu anorongwa maererano nenheyo iyi: imwe yekucheka nyama, imwe yekucheka miriwo, uye imwe yekucheka michero. Chero bedzi ukashandisa banga, pane nyaya yekuchengeteka. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kune vose kubva kune rookies vatsva kukicheni kusvika kune avo vane mukurumbira mabiki: mumutambo wezvokudya "Iron Chef", vabiki vakawanda vari kutora chikamu vanocheka zvigunwe zvavo mune imwe. kurumidza. Nezvenyaya iyi, chirevo chakajairika ndechekuti "Banga iri rakanaka chaizvo, asi rakanyanya kupinza, uye rine njodzi kucheka mumaoko ako!".

Kutaura zvazviri, mapanga asinganyatsooneki ndiwo ane ngozi zvikuru.Pakushandisa mapanga akagomara, unoshandisa simba rakawanda uye unogona kutadza kuzvidzora.Ukatsvedza, unozvikuvadza. Mazuva mashoma apfuura, ndakaona chidzidzo chakanyora miriwo "ine ngozi" mukicheni, uye nhanga iri pekutanga. Chikonzero ndechekuti nhanga ine ganda rakaoma uye nyama yakakora, izvo zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kurasikirwa nechiyero kana uchicheka.

Kunyangwe kubika nekudetemba nhetembo, kupenda, kuridza piyano nekutamba chess zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana, zvese zvinoda kudzikama.Kana uchiita zvekukurumidza, unogona kukuvadza maoko ako, kunyanya ukaona mashefu ane mukurumbira achibhururuka nemapanga nekucheka. muriwo paTV. Paunoutevedzera, unenge wangosara hafu yenhanho kubva pa "ropa rakapfachukira pabhodhi rekucheka". Panguva ino, usatarisira kuti banga rakagomara richava munyoro. LG yaiwanzotaura chirevo chehuzivi (chaizvoizvo, akainzwa kubva kune imwe nzvimbo): "Banga rakagomara rinogara richimhanya kana uchicheka maoko." Kubva pane imwe pfungwa, ronda rinoumbwa nebanga rakagomara rine zvikamu zvakakura zvekubvarura zvisingaoneki uye rinonyanya kuoma kupora, ukuwo ronda rakagadzirwa nebanga rakapinza rinotaridzika uye rinokurumidza kupora.

Saka, zvisinei, usashandise mapanga ekicheni asina kujeka. Chirongwa chaJamie Oliver chakapa zano rakanaka nezvenyaya dzekuchengetedza: kutanga, isa dhende rakanyorova zvishoma pasi pebhodhi rekucheka kuti udzivise kutsvedza netsaona kwebhodhi rekucheka panguva yekucheka, uye chechipiri, paunenge uchicheka miriwo, iva nechokwadi chekutanga Kuti uenzanise ndiro, semuenzaniso, paunenge uchicheka mbatatisi, unogona kutanga watema ndege kubva mbatatisi, wozoshandisa ndege iyi kugadzirisa mbatatisi pabhodhi rekucheka kuti udzivise kusaenzana kwetsaona panguva yekucheka. Chechitatu, bvuma nhanho yako, cheka kutendeseka uye zvishoma nezvishoma (uyu akapfupikiswa ne LG kwaari, haha, mune zvakawanda zvezvirongwa zvake, anoedza kudzivisa kuratidza hunyanzvi hwake hwebanga, achinonoka nemaune kuti arege kutsausa vateereri ).

Apo ape yekutanga yekare yakadzidza kugogodza dombo kuti iite yekutanga "chopper", paingova nemhando imwe chete munyika. Ikozvino mamirioni emakore apfuura, ape ane pfungwa dzakachena kubva kare akashanduka kuita munhu ane matumbu asingaverengeki ane mavara, uye "Cai Knife Sect" yakabereka matavi mazhinji. Pakati pawo, pane zvitatu zvinonyanya kupesvedzera: banga remubiki wekuMadokero, banga reJapan Santoku, uye zvechokwadi banga redu rinozivikanwa reChinese square kitchen.

Banga remubiki werudzi rwekuMadokero iri rinonziwo banga remubiki wechiFrench.Kunyange zvazvo mhizha dzekuGermany dzakatanga kuona magadzirirwo ebanga iri, chikafu cheGermany hachina kujeka, uye chakave chakakurumbira kuburikidza nemhepo yechirimo yeFrench cuisine. Mabanga ekumavirira ane chipande chakareba, nhete chine musana wakakora uye mupendero wakakombama. Izvi zvinoenderana nemashandisirwo anoitwa mapanga ekumabikira emukicheni.

Banga remubiki rakagadzirwa zvakanaka rine mupendero wakapinza kwazvo nekona diki pedyo nechopi uye rakakodzera kucheka zvakanaka, nepo mupendero uri pedyo nemubato une kona yakakura uye yakakodzera kucheka mapfupa ehove kana zvimwe zvinhu zvishoma zvakaoma. banga remubiki: Taura nezvebanga remukicheni (1) Kukurumbira kweJapan Santoku mapanga hakuparadzaniswe kubva mukusimudzirwa kwakasimba kwevagadziri vemapanga ekicheni yekuMadokero. Anenge ega ega anogadzira mapanga ane huwandu hwakazara hweSantoku mapanga ari kutengeswa. Santoku Knife inonzi "Santoku Baoding" muchiJapan, uye "Baoding" zvinoreva banga remukicheni.Zvinonzi panobva izwi iri "Paoding" muPaoding Jie Niu.

Pakutanga kuona, banga reSantoku rakafanana chaizvo nebanga remubiki wekuMadokero, asi chokwadi pane musiyano mukuru. Chekutanga, blade yebanga reSantoku yakatwasuka, saka kukwira nekudzika kufamba ndiyo nzira huru yekuishandisa, kusiyana ne "inozunguza" banga nzira yebanga remabiki eWestern-style. Chechipiri, blade yacho itete, iyo inonyanya kukodzera kucheka hove nenyama.

Santoku Banga: Taura nezvebanga remukicheni (1) Wese munhu anoziva nezvechinyakare Chinese square kitchen banga, saka hapana chikonzero chekutaura zvisina maturo. Banga remukicheni rechinyakare rinowanzo shandiswa mumhuri dzeChinese rakatenderedza zvakaenzana nebanga rekubikira remadokero. Pamusoro pekuzadza kucheka kwezvinosanganiswa, rinokwanisa zvakare kuendesa zvimedu zvakachekwa mupoto zviri nyore. Izvi hazvisvikiki. yemhando mbiri dzekutanga dzemapanga ekicheni. Hongu, kuchine marudzi mazhinji emapanga ekicheni echiChinese.Semuenzaniso, mamwe akakora uye akakodzera kucheka mapfupa ehuku nezvipfuwo, uye mamwe akatetepa uye anopinza uye akakodzera kucheka zvakanaka.Zvisinei, kutaridzika kwemhando idzi. yemapanga haina kunyanya kusiyana, saka Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti kune imwe chete mhando yebanga rekicheni muChina, asi hazvisi.

Ngatitaure nezvezvinhu zvemukicheni banga. Mapako ekicheni akajairika pamusika haasi chinhu chinopfuura zvinhu zvitatu, kabhoni simbi, simbi isina tsvina uye ceramics. Hongu, kune zvimwe zvinhu zvakasimba, zvakaita se pure titanium kana titanium alloy, zvinonzi zvine corrosion resistance, uye zvinoreruka uye zvinochinjika kupfuura mapanga esimbi, asi izvi hazvisi zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa, saka handizo taura nezvavo pano.

Mapanga ekutanga ekicheni aigadzirwa nekabhoni simbi. Kunyange zvazvo simbi yakachena iine corrosion resistance, kuoma kwayo hakuna kukwirira.Mushure mekuwedzera yakafanira kabhoni kuti iite homogeneous iron-carbon alloy, inova simbi (zvechokwadi, maitiro acho haasi nyore sezvaanotaurwa. Kabhoni yakaderera?Nekuda kweizvozvo, kana iyo kabhoni yakawandisa, inoshanduka kuita iron-carbon alloys chete ine zviri pakati pe0.2% ne2.1% inonzi simbi).Vanhu vakadzidza kugadzira nekushandisa iron. makore zviuru zvishanu zvapfuura, asi Mumakore zviuru zviviri apfuura chete maturusi esimbi anogona kugadzirwa akadzikama. Chirevo cheChinese chinowanzoti "simbi inogadzirwa kubva kune zana rekugadzirisa", "simbi yakanaka inoshandiswa pamucheka", nezvimwewo Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti simbi yepamusoro inofanira kuva yakakosha zvikuru munguva yekare.

Pane zvakawanda zvakavanzika kuseri kwetsumo mbiri idzi. Uku "kunyungudutswa musimbi" kunoreva maitiro ekugadzira nekugadzira muChina yekare kugadzira simbi yemhando yepamusoro: vapfuri vaipisa iyo isina chinhu uye vachidzokorora kuigadzira nekuipeta, kuitira kuti kabhoni yaivemo igovane zvakaenzana, uye kuoma uye kuomarara. kusimba kwezvinhu zvakavandudzwa zvakanyanya. . Uye “simbi yakanaka inoshandiswa pabadza” yakataura kuti vapfuri vesimbi vaifanira kushandisa tekinoroji yekugadzira mapanga apo zvinhu zvacho zvakanga zviri zvishoma: kubatanidza simbi yemhando yepamusoro uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaderera kuburikidza nekugadzira. simbi yemhando yepamusoro inoshandiswa sechipanga, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoumba blade.

Kushaikwa kwesimbi yemhando yepamusoro munguva dzekare uye kusava nechokwadi mukugadzirwa kwesimbi kwakawedzera zvakavanzika kune iyi indasitiri, uye zvakare kwakaunza ngano zhinji.KuChina, kune ngano inozivikanwa se "Moxie", uye mu kumadokero, kune ngano ye“Dhamasiko simbi.” Zvishamiso zvamarudzi ose, zvakadai somunondo wakagadzirwa nesimbi yeDhamasiko zvinogona kugura zviri nyore mbiru yepfuti, bvudzi rinowira pabadza richadambuka roga, zvichingodaro. Ngano idzi dzakapesvedzera ruzhinji kusvika pari zvino.Kunyange zvazvo simbi inogadzirwa noruzivo rwemazuva ano yagara ichipfuura simbi yeDhamasiko, vanhu vachiri kudavira kuti pachine mashiripiti akavanzika seri kwemaitiro iwayo akanaka. Kuti vaenderane nemafungiro evoruzhinji aya, vagadziri vemapanga emukicheni vakatora nhamburiko kuburitsa patani yesimbi yeDhamasiko neindasitiri yemazuva ano. Zvino haufanirwe kuenda kuSyria kuMiddle East, unogona kuenda kune iri pedyo “ IKEA” kutenga banga remukicheni reDhamasiko uye ugutsikane.” Ongorora manzwiro echinyakare uri wega.

Pazasi pane mufananidzo we18th century Damasiko banga resimbi: Taura nezvebanga remukicheni (2) Kabhoni yemukati ine simba rekuita pane zvimiro zvesimbi.Kukwira kwekabhoni yemukati, kunowedzera mukana wekuwana kuomarara kwepamusoro, asi kuoma kwechinhu kunozodzikirawo. Simbi ine carbon content ye 0.3-0.59% inodaidzwa kunzi medium-carbon steel, ine kuoma kwakati nekuoma kwayo.Inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira ma mechanic parts anotakura mitoro.Yakanyanya kukwirira,inowanzo shandiswa kugadzira zvitubu uye yakakwirira- simba simbi waya uye zvichingodaro. Simbi ine inodarika 1% kabhoni inonzi ultra-yakakwirira kabhoni simbi, inogona kuwana kuomarara kwepamusoro kuburikidza nekupisa kupisa, asi isina kusimba kwakashata.

Kicheni mapanga akagadzirwa nepamusoro kabhoni simbi kana Ultra-yakakwira kabhoni simbi anogona kusvika pakuoma kwakanyanya, uye zviri nyore kurodza blade. Mapanga akawanda echiJapan anogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakafanana, izvo zvine hukama nekucheka kwakanaka kunowanzo kudiwa muJapan cuisine. Chokwadi, carbon steel pachayo inewo kushaya simba kunouraya.Mumhoteredzo ine mwando, pasi iri nyore kuita ngura uye kuita ngura.

Naizvozvo, mapanga akagadzirwa nechinhu ichi anofanira kugezwa nekuomeswa mushure mekushandisa. Mapanga akagadzirwa nekabhoni simbi iboka rakasanganiswa.Mapanga akawanda emukicheni akachipa akagadzirwa nesimbi yekabhoni shoma.Simbi ine kabhoni yakachipa uye iri nyore kugadzira. Nekudaro, mapanga akagadzirwa neakaderera kabhoni simbi haasi nyore kurodza blade, uye blade inonetsa kuchengetedza, uye inokurumidza kugomara nekushandiswa.

Masayendisiti ave achishanda kwenguva refu mukuvandudza kugadzirwa kwesimbi kuti iwedzere kusagadzikana kwayo. Muzana remakore rechi19, vanhu vakaona kuti yaizova pfungwa yakanaka kuwedzera chromium kusimbi. Muchina uyu ndewekuti simbi chromium inoumba yakajeka dense uye yakaoma oxide firimu ichangosangana nemhepo, iyo inogona kudzivirira iyo simbi substrate kubva pakusvibiswa neokisijeni uye mwando mumhepo.

Kana iri bhaisikopo rikaparadzwa, simbi itsva chromium ichaita firimu rekudzivirira rimwechete zvakare mushure mekuratidzwa kumhepo, izvo zvinodzivirira kuti chidimbu chesimbi chirege kuita ngura. Kupokana kwekuora kwesimbi isina simbi kwakanangana neiyo chromium yemukati, saka chete iyo chromium yemukati inodarika 11% inonzi simbi isina tsvina. Nekuda kwemutengo wakakwira wesimbi chromium, vabatsiri kubva kumativi ese ehupenyu vanoedza kutema makona uye zvigadzirwa, uye pfungwa yemashiripiti ye "simbi isina tsvina" yakambozvarwa munyika yedu.

Kunyangwe iwo masimbi asina tsvina anotenderwa muzita ane misiyano yakakura mukupokana nekuora, saka kana uchitenga simbi isina tsvina yekicheni mapanga uye tableware, nyatso tarisisa kuumbwa kwezvinhu. Mazwi 18/10, 18/8 kana 18/0 anowanzo kucherechedzwa patafura yesimbi isina tsvina, iyo inoreva chikamu chekromium uye nickel zvirimo mumidziyo (iyi ichokwadi yegiredhi resimbi isina tsvina, uye zvinhu zvitatu zvakaenzana. zvinoenderana neazvino 316, 304 uye 2 akatevedzana Stainless simbi). Nickel musimbi isina tsvina inobatsira kuvandudza ma mechanical properties, uye panguva imwechete ine rubatsiro rwekubatsira pakuramba kwecorrosion.

Zvisinei, nickel metal haina kudhura, saka vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa manganese simbi pachinzvimbo ichi.Ichi ndicho chisakiso chechiitiko che "poisonous Stainless steel" chakakonzerwa nemumwe mugadziri wepamba nguva yadarika.Kazhinji, zvese zvinokonzerwa nemari. 18/10 (kureva, 316 simbi isina tsvina) chinhu chakanaka chekugadzira tableware, mapanga, maforogo uye mapoto, asi zvakaoma kuishandisa kumapanga ekicheni, nekuti iyo kabhoni irimo inongova 0.08%, uye haigone. Inowanikwa kuburikidza nekupisa kupisa. Vanogara vachigadzira mapanga emukicheni vanoshandisa mamwe mamodhini esimbi estainless ane high carbon content.Semuyenzaniso, Stainless simbi inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa zveWüSTHOF ine 0.5% kabhoni, iri pedyo nezviri muhigh carbon steel.

Hongu, vamwe vagadziri vanoshandisa 440 yakatevedzana simbi isina tsvina, iyo kabhoni yemukati yakakwira kusvika 0.6% kusvika 1.20%, inova yemhando yepamusoro kabhoni simbi uye Ultra-yakakwira kabhoni simbi. Zvisineyi, hapana mabhenefiti pamativi ese ari maviri.Chese chine zvazvakanakira nezvazvakaipira.Kabhoni iri musimbi ine mhedzisiro yekubvisa mukuora kwechromium.Kana chromium yemukati ikaramba isina kuchinjika,kukwirisa iyo kabhoni, kunowedzera kusimba kwekuora. . Pamidziyo yakaita semapanga emukicheni anoda kugadzirisa munyu uye acid-base zuva rega rega, kupinza uye kusagadzikana kwecorrosion ndizvo chaizvo zvinhu zvisingagone kuregeredzwa.Vagadziri vakasiyana vanogona kuve nekunzwisisa kwakasiyana, asi vatengi vanofanirwa kuita sarudzo zvinoenderana nezvavanoda nezvavanofarira. .

Ngatitaure nezve ceramic zvinhu. Zirconium dioxide, hupfu chena, yava kushandiswa kugadzira mapanga ekicheni yeceramic. Mugadziri anoisa hupfu uhu mumudziyo wekukuya webanga remukicheni usina kuvharwa, anoshandisa kudzvanyirira kwakanyanya kwemaatmospheres 120 uye anoabika munzvimbo ine madhigirii 1500, uye hupfu uhwu hunopinzwa mumatope akaomarara.

Iyo Mohs kuoma kwe zirconia ceramics yakakwira kusvika 8.5, iyo yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura nhanho ye6-6.5 yesimbi yakaoma, saka inogona chete kukwenenzverwa nedhaimondi rinokuya vhiri. hard blade. Nekuda kwekuoma kwayo kwakanyanya, mapanga emukicheni eceramic haatombo kupera pasi pekushandiswa kwakajairika, uye makemikari awo akadzikama zvakanyanya, saka havatyi kurwiswa kweasidhi, alkali uye munyu zvinowanzoitika mukicheni. Iwe unogona kufunga kuti mutungamiri wemauto ehondo anotonga nyika yebanga remukicheni akazozvarwa, asi handizvo.

Kana achienzaniswa nesimbi mapanga ekicheni, mapanga eceramic haana kusimba zvakanyanya, ari nyore kupwanya kana achinge abatwa nesimba rekunze, uye anogonawo kutsemuka kana blade ichicheka zvinhu zvakaoma. Chakanyanya kuipa ndechekuti kuoma kwacho hakuchina nzira yekuikwenenzvera nemaitiro echinyakare.Pakangobuda buri banga rinenge risina basa. Sezvambotaurwa, pane “28 mutemo” pakushandisa mapanga emukicheni.” Angave achishandiswa kumba kana nenyanzvi yokubika, panogara paine rudzi rumwe chete rwebanga rinowanzoshandiswa (kune marudzi akawanda emapanga asingawanzowanzo shandiswa. used).Inokodzera kubikwa kwekuMadokero.

Kune mapanga eceramic, nekuda kwekuoma kwayo uye brittle texture, zviri pachena kuti hazvikwanisi kutamba basa rebiko guru rekicheni rinowanzoshandiswa, asi kana rakanyanya kushandiswa pakucheka kwakanaka kwemichero nemiriwo, ichiri nemigumisiro yakajeka..